Site Menu

DIABETES MELLİTUS (Diabetes): the most important factor causing blindness in developed countries.

GLAUCOMA: After the age of 40, every person should get the intraocular pressure checked. Early diagnosis is crucial in Glaucoma (intraocular pressure). For the people that use antidepressants for a long time, the Intraocular Pressure, Glaucoma, risk increases. Experts suggest that the intraocular pressure should be checked once in six months.

MYOPIA: Develops as a result of the focusing of the rays that come from outside sources before they reach the optic point. As the adaptation force is very low for the eyes with myopia, the person have to use eyeglasses to see the objects that are far.

HYPEROPIA: Develops as a result of the focusing of the rays that come from outside sources behind the optic point. The people with low hyperopia degrees can live without eye glasses through adaptation, but the eye gets tired quickly. High degrees of hyperopia means that the person cannot see the objects near and far. .

ASTIGMATISM: The cornea of the eye is not perfectly spherical, resulting in different focal points in different planes. It may vary according to the structure of cornea or the eye. Astigmatism causes reflection and blurred vision at all distances, it may be likened to the vision reflected in the irregular mirrors in circuses. Regular astigmatism can be corrected with the cylindrical corrective lenses. The irregular astigmatism is a situation that was caused by multiple focal points instead of two axes vertical to each other. Therefore, the precision of sight is lowered to a significant extent. It cannot be fully corrected with eyeglasses. Better results can be achieved through gas permeable contact lenses.

AMBLYOPIA (Lazy Eye): The treatment for amblyopia should start in early ages (between ages of 0 to 9). It was proved that the older the patient is the longer the treatment and the less the usefulness of the treatment.

HIGHNESS OF INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE BY BIRTH: Can be seen with the enlargement of the transparent layer of the eye, which is called the cornea, alongside the signs of being affected by light, watering in eye, redness and low eyes. It is a serious disorder that causes blindness when an early intervention is not made.

Complaints in the eye such as flashes and flies may be symptoms of retinopathy.

The contact lenses have an increasing effect of photophoby in patients with photophobia.

While the lenses are in your eyes, do not out any drop in your eye, which was not suggested by your doctor.

Corneal transplant surgery is a hope for seeing again for many people. Increasing the number of surgeries can only be possible with the donation of more corneas.

MACULA LUTEA DISEASE: The hemorrhage at the back of the eye caused by diabetes and high blood pressure and the inflammation because of macula lutea can be cured when diagnosed at an early stage.

The macula (yellow spot), which is in the nerve layer retina at the back of the eye, enables 90% of the central sight. Macular degeneration is an eye disease that emerges in line with aging and affects the sight directly. There are two types as wet and dry forms.

Genetic factors and the vein structure disorders are known to be factors causing the macula lutea disease. High blood pressure, diabetes, anemia, excessive smoking, excessive exposure to sunlight are also among the factors causing the disease. If the dry form is diagnosed at an early age, it can be prevented or slowed down through photodynamic treatment.

Vein-related side effects were proven to be taking place for people that smoke, have diabetes and glaucoma (intraocular pressure).

DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the major causes of blindness in the population aged 20 to 74 in developed countries.

It causes blockages in the veins in the nerve layer of the eye, which is called retina and disorders in the vascular walls, leading to bleedings and leakages, and as a result various lesions emerge that may lead to blindness.

In diabetic retinopathy, laser treatments are applied today and timely laser treatment is known to be decreasing the significant degree of sight loss risk by 60 percent. The aim in eye monitoring in diabetes patients is to start the application of laser treatment in case of the presence of diabetic retinopathy at a level that may threaten the sight, before a significant degree of disorder develops in the sight of the patient and thus prevent the loss of sight that may affect the patient’s life quality.

BLEPHARITIS: It is the infection of the Staphylococcus in the eyelid margins. Develops together with dry eye and atopical eczema.

The symptoms are burning, itching, foreign body sensation and the matting of the lashes.

The symptoms can be treated with the cleaning of the eye through rubbing the margins of lid with non-burning shampoo and the use of medications.

UVEITIS: Iris adapts the degree of light to enter the eye. It is seen as follows: the uvea that forms the iris does not finish after the white part of the eye (sclera) and covers the whole anterior chamber continuing behind the sclera. Uvea makes a circular eminentia to the eye right after the iris and forms its second part which is ciliary body (it was named so because it has filamentous/lash-like fibers). This part is where the intraocular liquid is made. This part is also the one that carries the eye lens and where the fibrils that create the tension are. Thanks to this fibrils system that carries the ciliary body and the lens, the eye lens blows and gets thinner, fulfilling the accommodation function that enables us to see both far and near clearly. The iris and the ciliary body together form the front uvea. The disease of this part is called front uveitis.

It is generally accompanied with dermatological (Behçet’s disease) and rheumatic diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis). It may recur frequently. It requires close patient-doctor relationship because of the drops and pills used in the treatment, containing cortisone.

NYSTAGMUS: The involuntary rhythmic and arrhythmic movements of the eye are called nystagmus. The eye movements in nystagmyus can be in different directions. The nistagmus types in which the eyes moves in both directions equally are called the pendulum type and the ones in which the eyes move slowly to one side and quickly to the other side are called bow type. In the bow type, the side where the eyes move to fast are the side of the nystagmus. The symptoms are decrease in vision, trembling visions, drowsiness and double vision in one eye.

It has four types as 1-Ocular, 2- Vestibular, 3- Neurological (central), 4- Congenital.

In vestibular and neurological nistagmus, the treatment is cause-related. In congenital nistagmus, the treatment is optic, orthoptic and surgical.

ENTROPION: This condition can be described in which eyelids or eyelashes fold inward. There may be corneal irritations because of the folding of the eyelids. Although medication treatment can be used to gain time, the real treatment is surgical.

ECTROPION: It is a medical condition in which the eyelid turns outwards, followed by the watering of the eye. It has different reasons and can be repaired surgically.

PTOSIS: It is the abnormally low position of the eyelids. Although a majority of the cases are congenital, it may also occur when the muscles that hold eyelid are not strong enough as a result of factors such as aging and trauma. It can be seen following systemic diseases and facial strokes. It can be repaired surgically. As Ptosis can be a symptom of a systemic disease, the general body screenings should be carried out carefully. It should be treated as early as possible as it may cause lazy eyes in children.

KERATOMYCOSIS: The transparent layer at the anterior part of the eye and should have a circular shape, loses its circular shape and gains a coned form. The deformation of the cornea leads to the deformation of the vision in the eye as well, deformation of the sight precision and quality and the decrease in the sight degree.

In the early stages of low myopia and astigmatism, the patient can see clearly with eyeglasses. When the disease becomes more severe, the sight cannot be corrected with the eyeglasses. In this stage, special keratomycosis lenses (gas permeable contact lenses) will be used. In the later stages of the disease, the sight degree falls and contact lenses cannot be worn. In this stage, surgery becomes necessary.

If you are seeing a single object double, you should apply to the eye doctor immediately. The cause might not always be diplopia.

Retinal detachment, which occurs with the detachment of the nerve layer (retina) from the choroid is a disease that requires urgent intervention.

The inflammation, bleeding, and retina detachment that is a result of the trauma experienced in patients that have a foreign substance in their eyes, can be treated with vitrectomy surgery.

CATARACT: This condition does not solely take place related to age. The illnesses of the mother and birth traumas can cause cataract in new-borns.

The accidents in childhood, which were not realized then, may also cause cataract. Treatment is more important in children, because the cataract that emerges before the eye learns to see fully, may case loss in sight and lazy eyes, which means sight deficiency for the whole life or blindness.

Outside the eyelids, there are sebum producing elements connected to the eyelashes. These release sebum that protects the surface of the eye. Sometimes, the sebum channels are blocked and the bacteria in them cause styes on the eyelids. In the eyelids, there are a number of sebum elements that are called meibom glands. These are not connected to the eyelashes and open to the back side of the eyelid. The blockage and inflammation that take place here cause stye in the eyelid. If the diagnosis is made early, antibiotic creams and drops can prevent styes. However, usually before the diagnosis, a pock is formed and the antibiotics cannot be useful. The only treatment is draining the stye.

Sometimes, flying spots appear before the eye. This means hundreds of spots that dance like little flies, rather than a few lines or spots that you see when you look at a shiny, white surface or to the sky. These spots are the cells that disseminate in the vitreous humour. These cells may be red blood cells because of bleeding or white blood cells because of inflammation. Neither bleeding nor inflammation is something that you would want to have in your eye. In such a case, you should apply to a doctor immediately.